Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Enforced requisites: course 111A (may be taken concurrently), Life Sciences 4 with grade of B or better. Causes and pathogenesis of Duchenne muscular dystrophy and some fundamental scientific findings using original scientific research. Exploration of therapies aimed at individual stages of pathogenetic disease as method to develop critical expert-like thinking skills. Lectures based on experiments from primary scientific literature, and students expected to understand genetic and phenotypic animal models of muscular dystrophy, to design experiments, and to predict outcomes from research data. Letter grading.