(Formerly numbered 171.) (Same as Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences M171.) Lecture, four hours. Enforced requisites: course M71, Mathematics 3A, 3B, and 3C (or 31A and 31B). Use of high level computing language to program microcontrollers to acquire laboratory-style experimental data. Misfit modeling and quantitative comparisons of acquired data sets and theory. Forward modeling from fundamental equations. Examples, experiments, and exercises from disciplines within geosciences. P/NP or letter grading.