Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour. Requisites: courses 115, 117. Designed for upper-division Astrophysics and Physics majors. Focus on basic unit of structure in universe: galaxies. Consideration of physics governing their structure and evolution, and how galaxy population has evolved over history of universe. Other topics include Milky Way, stellar dynamics, active galactic nuclei, and galaxy clusters. P/NP or letter grading.