Seminar, two hours. Enforced corequisite: course 196A or 198A. Students read and discuss scientific articles and give presentations, introducing research topics using relevant primary literature. Critical aspects of research process, including record keeping, ethics, laboratory safety and citizenry, mechanics of scientific writing, diverse approaches to research, and project responsibilities and ownership. Acquisition of in-depth and broad knowledge about student research projects, improvement of oral and written communication skills, and full appreciation of process of doing good science and becoming skilled researchers. Letter grading.